Faith, Reason, and Ecclesial Unity: The Thomistic Proposal of Aeterni Patris in the Face of the Impact of Kantian Philosophy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51660/riftp61391Keywords:
Aeterni Patris, Kantian philosophy, faith, reason, ecclesial unityAbstract
The unity between reason and faith, developed during the Patristic period and consolidated throughout the Middle Ages, especially with the work of St. Thomas Aquinas, contributed to a solid social and cultural unity and, above all, to ecclesial unity. However, this unity has been affected by the proposals of modern thinkers. One thinker who has historically contributed most to the loss of unity is the German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724-1804). His ideas have not only produced a division between reason and faith but have also threatened the unity of other realities, including the Church. In response to this crisis, we have the proposal of His Holiness, Leo XIII, with his encyclical Aeterni Patris, published on August 4, 1879. This work is intended to present the Church Magisterium's insistence, particularly that of Pope Leo XIII, on turning to the thought of Saint Thomas Aquinas in the face of the dangers of Kantian idealism, whose effects persist today, both in the relationship between reason and faith and in the unity of the Church.
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